Every city I visited in France has a Notre-Dame cathedral. The Walled City of Carcassonne is no exception. Their Notre-Dame was pillaged by Arabs around 713, so at the end of the 9th century, a replacement was started within the protection of the walled city. Construction on the Romanesque nave started in 1096. The Gothic transept and chancel were begun by King Louis in 1269 and finished by his son Philip the Bold in 1332. The support buildings such as the cloisters, abbey and kitchen, were destroyed during the French Revolution. It was downgraded from cathedral to basilica in 1801 when power shifted to the Cathedral of St. Michael (which I believe is in or near the Bastide).
I walked around the outside to admire the balustrades and gargoyles on the Gothic side (reconstructed by restoration architect Viollet-le-Duc), and the restored turreted tower on the Romanesque side.
I entered the Romanesque nave, with its door being placed on the side rather than the end. The docent from my tour yesterday recited a story about how Christian churches always face east towards Jerusalem, but a strong wind from the West “brings the Devil into the Church” so the door was either built, or moved to the side rather than the far end as is traditional for churches and cathedrals.
The chapel vaults are the same height as the main vault, which is also somewhat unusual. There are iron bars joining the columns and reinforcing the structure. The 13th century architects were masters at blending the Romanesque and Gothic styles into this very airy and harmonious structure.
I started photographing the glass. There are two Rose windows dating from the late 14th to early 16th centuries. Seven vertical panels over the choir date to 1280 and are said to be among the oldest (and most beautiful) stained glass windows in southern France.
Shown here is the North Rose window is made from green, purple and red squares set into twelve double petals, the trefoils are set in purple, yellow and blue, with a central quatrefoil representing Mary surrounded by angels and saints.
The Midi Rose window hosts twelve single petals at the center and twelve double petals at the border, in squares of yellow, red, green and white which give the effect of a mosaic. The center quatrefoil features Christ, the corner quatrefoils are embossed with three gold chess rooks – the heraldic arms of Bishop Pierre de Rochefort (15th century.)
And when I have run out of angles to shoot, I simply sat and stared at All The Glass, committing as much of its vibrancy to memory, before wresting myself out of the seat I had taken at the base of one of the pillars, and say adieu to this beautiful basilica.
This is an active church. Hours are 9 AM – 5:30 PM daily. Please be mindful of your dress and decorum, especially when services are in progress.
My additional photography is here:
https://davenotravels.blog/2023/10/09/saint-nazaire-the-directors-cut/
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Heather Daveno hails from Seattle, Washington, where she works as an office manager by day and a self taught textile artisan by night. In her spare time she is a “hobby historian” and is currently researching the female side of her family history for a book she plans to write, titled: “The Matriarch Diaries.”
You can see her current textile projects at August Phoenix Mercantile and her travels at Daveno Travels.